Tag: Financial Mismanagement

  • Accountability Prevails: Dismissal for Clerk of Court’s Financial Mismanagement

    In a decisive ruling, the Supreme Court affirmed the dismissal of a Clerk of Court II, Nancy R. Leal, for gross dishonesty, grave misconduct, and gross neglect of duty. The decision stemmed from a financial audit that revealed significant shortages, undocumented withdrawals, and unreported collections amounting to hundreds of thousands of pesos. This case underscores the high ethical standards expected of court employees, particularly those handling public funds, and reinforces the principle that public office is a public trust, demanding utmost responsibility and integrity.

    When Missing Funds and Receipts Lead to Dismissal: Can a Clerk Evade Accountability?

    This case began with a routine financial audit of the Municipal Circuit Trial Court (MCTC) in Tarlac, triggered by the Clerk of Court II’s failure to submit mandatory financial reports. The audit uncovered a disturbing pattern of financial mismanagement, including undocumented withdrawals of cash bonds, unreported and undeposited collections, and missing official receipts. The central legal question was whether the Clerk of Court’s explanations for these discrepancies were sufficient to excuse her from liability, or whether her actions warranted disciplinary action, up to and including dismissal.

    The audit revealed that Ms. Leal was responsible for undocumented withdrawals of cash bonds amounting to P220,000.00. Further, the audit showed unreported and undeposited collections amounting to P1,047,400.00, resulting in a total shortage amounting to P567,757.71. There were also delayed remittances that deprived the government of bank interest that should have been earned amounting to P296,809.47, as well as a shortage in the Judiciary Development Fund (JDF) amounting to P928.50. The audit also found that certain documents were withheld and retained in Leal’s possession while the audit team was conducting its examination. Finally, among the Official Receipts that were issued to said court, there were four (4) booklets and four (4) pieces missing.

    The Office of the Court Administrator (OCA) recommended Leal’s dismissal, finding her explanations unsatisfactory. Leal attempted to justify the discrepancies by citing missing records due to typhoons and termites, but the Court found these excuses unconvincing. The Court emphasized that as an accountable officer, Leal had a duty to ensure the proper management of court funds and records.

    The Supreme Court underscored the importance of accountability in public service, quoting its earlier decision in A.M. No. MTJ-06-1620:

    “It is incumbent upon him to ensure that all the files and documents are properly filed. x x x In fact it even underscored the fact that he was unable to meet the demands of his office. His claims of good faith, his forgetfulness and lack of secured storage area for their files during their transfer of office could only indicate his attempt to evade punishment for his neglect of duty.”

    The Court found that Leal’s actions constituted gross dishonesty, grave misconduct, and gross neglect of duty, all grave offenses warranting dismissal under the Revised Uniform Rules on Administrative Cases in the Civil Service. The Court emphasized that clerks of court are the chief administrative officers of their respective courts, and are duty-bound to use skill and diligence in the performance of their officially designated functions.

    As the Supreme Court stated, the safekeeping of public and trust funds is essential to an orderly administration of justice. The Court cited Office of the Court Administrator v. Paredes, which spelled out anew the nature of the function of clerks of court:

    “Clerks of court perform a delicate function as designated custodians of the court’s funds, revenues, records, properties and premises. As such, they are generally regarded as treasurer, accountant, guard and physical plant manager thereof. Thus, they are liable for any loss, shortage, destruction or impairment of such funds and property.”

    Ultimately, the Supreme Court ordered Leal’s dismissal from service, with forfeiture of all retirement benefits (excluding accrued leave credits) and with prejudice to re-employment in any government office. The Court also directed the application of Leal’s accrued leave credits and withheld salaries to the cash shortages and ordered her to restitute the balance. The court then DIRECTED Judge Stela Marie Q. Gandia-Asuncion, Presiding Judge, Municipal Circuit Trial Court, Sta. Ignacia-Mayantoc- San Clemente-San Jose, Tarlac to submit an inventory of the court records which were allegedly destroyed by typhoon “Quiel” or eaten by termites; and DIRECTED the Office of the Court Administrator to file the appropriate criminal charges against Nancy R. Leal and to conduct another financial and judicial audit in the Municipal Circuit Trial Court, Sta. Ignacia-Mayantoc-San Clemente-San Jose, Tarlac from the finality of this Decision.

    This case serves as a stark reminder of the responsibilities of public officers, especially those entrusted with public funds. The Supreme Court’s decision reinforces the principle that public office is a public trust, and that those who violate that trust will be held accountable.

    FAQs

    What was the key issue in this case? The key issue was whether the Clerk of Court II’s financial mismanagement and failure to account for missing funds and receipts warranted disciplinary action, including dismissal from service. The case centered on the accountability of public officers entrusted with public funds.
    What specific financial discrepancies were found? The audit uncovered undocumented withdrawals of cash bonds (P220,000.00), unreported and undeposited collections (P1,047,400.00), delayed remittances causing lost interest (P296,809.47), a JDF shortage (P928.50), and missing official receipts. These discrepancies led to a total shortage of P865,495.68.
    What was the Clerk of Court’s defense? The Clerk of Court claimed that missing records were due to typhoons and termites, and that she had already reported the withdrawals in her monthly reports, though she could not produce proof. She also cited health reasons for her failure to submit her answer on time.
    Why were the Clerk’s explanations rejected? The Court found the explanations unsatisfactory, emphasizing that as an accountable officer, the Clerk had a duty to ensure the proper management of court funds and records. The Court viewed her excuses as attempts to evade responsibility for her neglect of duty.
    What is the legal basis for the dismissal? The dismissal was based on the Revised Uniform Rules on Administrative Cases in the Civil Service, which classifies dishonesty, grave misconduct, and gross neglect of duty as grave offenses warranting dismissal. The Court found that the Clerk’s actions fell under these categories.
    What does it mean to be an ‘accountable officer’? An accountable officer is entrusted with the custody and management of public funds and resources, and is responsible for their proper use and safekeeping. Clerks of court are considered accountable officers due to their role in handling court funds, revenues, records, and properties.
    What was the Supreme Court’s ruling? The Supreme Court affirmed the Clerk of Court’s dismissal from service, with forfeiture of retirement benefits (excluding accrued leave credits), and with prejudice to re-employment in any government office. The Court also ordered the application of her accrued leave credits and withheld salaries to the shortages, and directed her to restitute the remaining balance.
    What is the broader significance of this case? This case underscores the importance of accountability and integrity in public service, particularly in the judiciary. It reinforces the principle that public office is a public trust, and those who violate that trust will face severe consequences, including dismissal and potential criminal charges.

    This Supreme Court decision serves as a critical reminder to all public servants, particularly those in positions of financial responsibility, that they are expected to uphold the highest standards of integrity and accountability. Failure to do so can result in severe penalties, including dismissal from service and potential criminal prosecution.

    For inquiries regarding the application of this ruling to specific circumstances, please contact ASG Law through contact or via email at frontdesk@asglawpartners.com.

    Disclaimer: This analysis is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For specific legal guidance tailored to your situation, please consult with a qualified attorney.
    Source: OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR vs. NANCY R. LEAL, A.M. No. P-12-3047, October 15, 2013

  • Dismissal for Dishonesty: Upholding Public Trust in Judiciary Finances

    In a ruling underscoring the high ethical standards required of court personnel, the Supreme Court affirmed the dismissal of a Clerk of Court for dishonesty and gross neglect of duty. This decision highlights the strict accountability demanded of those handling public funds within the judiciary. The Court emphasized that failing to deposit collections on time and incurring shortages constitutes a severe breach of trust, warranting the ultimate administrative penalty. This case serves as a stern warning to all court employees regarding their financial responsibilities.

    Breach of Trust: Can Workload Excuse Delayed Remittances and Financial Shortages?

    This administrative case, Office of the Court Administrator v. Larriza P. Bacani, A.M. No. P-12-3099, arose from a financial audit of the Municipal Trial Court in Cities (MTCC) of Meycauayan, Bulacan. The audit revealed several discrepancies in the accounts managed by Larriza P. Bacani, the Clerk of Court IV. The primary issues included delayed deposits of court collections, shortages in various funds, and unaccounted official receipts. Bacani attributed these issues to her heavy workload and delegation of responsibilities during her absences. However, the Court found her explanations insufficient to excuse her from liability.

    The audit team’s findings painted a concerning picture of financial mismanagement. The audit revealed a cash shortage of P11,065.50. Two unused booklets of official receipts were unaccounted. A shortage of P2,000.00 was found in the Fiduciary Fund (FF) due to a double withdrawal. A High Yield Savings Account (HYSA) existed containing FF collections, contrary to OCA Circular No. 23-2009. Furthermore, shortages were also found in the Judiciary Development Fund (JDF) and the General Fund, along with delayed deposits across multiple funds, resulting in unearned interest. The audit team also observed a poor filing system and improper use of legal fees forms.

    Bacani’s defense centered on the assertion that her heavy workload and frequent absences contributed to the discrepancies. She stated that she delegated her duties to Veiner P. Villafuerte, the Cashier I, during her leaves. She also admitted to the shortages and eventually restituted the missing amounts. However, the Office of the Court Administrator (OCA) found her explanations unconvincing and recommended administrative sanctions.

    The Supreme Court meticulously examined the case, emphasizing the crucial role of clerks of court in the judicial system. Clerks of court are considered the chief administrative officers of their respective courts. They are the designated custodians of the court’s funds, revenues, records, properties, and premises. This position requires the highest level of trust and accountability. The Court reiterated the importance of strict compliance with circulars and regulations governing the handling of court funds.

    The Court cited several precedents to support its ruling. In Re: Report on the Financial Audit conducted in the Municipal Trial Court (MTC), Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur, the Court held that failure to turn over cash deposits on time constitutes gross neglect of duty and gross dishonesty. Similarly, in Office of the Court Administrator v. Anacaya, the Court ruled that incurring shortages and failing to deposit collections timely also constitutes gross neglect of duty. Restitution does not exempt the respondent from the consequences of their actions.

    The Court, in its analysis, pointed out that Bacani’s actions constituted gross neglect of duty and dishonesty. Her delegation of responsibilities to Villafuerte did not absolve her of her own accountability. The Court emphasized that Bacani, as Clerk of Court, was ultimately responsible for the proper management of court funds and records. Her failures in this regard demonstrated that she could no longer fulfill the demands of her position. The court emphasized this by quoting:

    Without a doubt, Bacani has been remiss in the performance of her duties as Clerk of Court of MTCC Meycauayan. She violated SC Administrative Circular No. 3-2000 and SC Circular No. 50-95 by not remitting the court’s collections on time, thus, depriving the court of the interest that could have been earned if the collections were deposited on time. Furthermore, Bacani incurred shortages in her remittances although she restituted the amount.

    The Supreme Court also addressed the issue of unearned interest due to delayed deposits. The audit team’s report detailed the amounts of interest lost due to Bacani’s failure to deposit collections promptly. The Court ordered Bacani to pay and deposit the total amount of P5,161.73 to the Judiciary Development Fund (JDF), representing the unearned interest. The following table shows the breakdown of the total delayed deposit and total unearned interest for the JDF, GF and SAJF:

    FUND
    Total Delayed
    Deposit
    Total Unearned Interest at 6%
    per annum
    JDF
    171,390.00
    3,118.72
    GF
    83,598.00
    1,395.58
    SAJF
    36,054.40
    647.43
    TOTAL
    291,042.40
    5,161.73

    Furthermore, the Court addressed the missing official receipts, ordering Bacani to account for the missing receipts with series numbers 6242001-6242050 and 8839451-8839500. This directive emphasized the importance of maintaining proper records and safeguarding court documents.

    Bacani’s prior administrative record also played a role in the Court’s decision. In Concerned Employees of the Municipal Trial Court of Meycauayan, Bulacan v. Paguio-Bacani, Bacani was found guilty of dishonesty for falsifying her Daily Time Records and leaving the country without the required travel authority. Although she was only suspended in that case, the Court warned that a repetition of similar offenses would be dealt with more severely. Given her repeated misconduct, the Court determined that the extreme penalty of dismissal was warranted in the present case.

    The Court also addressed the liability of Veiner P. Villafuerte, the Cashier I who acted as Officer-in-Charge during Bacani’s absences. While Villafuerte was found to have contributed to the delayed deposits, the Court considered that he immediately complied with the OCA audit team’s directive to deposit the shortages. Given that this was Villafuerte’s first administrative case and he was carrying additional responsibilities, the Court deemed a stern warning sufficient.

    Finally, the Court addressed the responsibility of the Executive Judge, Cecilia Santoyo-Talapian. The Court directed Judge Santoyo-Talapian to strictly monitor the financial transactions of the court, emphasizing that she could be held equally liable for infractions committed by employees under her supervision. This directive reinforces the principle that supervisors are responsible for ensuring compliance with regulations and maintaining proper oversight.

    FAQs

    What was the key issue in this case? The key issue was whether a Clerk of Court should be dismissed for dishonesty and gross neglect of duty due to delayed deposits, shortages in funds, and poor management of court finances. The court examined the extent of the Clerk’s liability and appropriate disciplinary action.
    What specific violations did the Clerk of Court commit? The Clerk of Court, Larriza P. Bacani, violated SC Administrative Circular No. 3-2000 and SC Circular No. 50-95 by not remitting court collections on time, resulting in lost interest. She also incurred shortages in her remittances, despite eventually restituting the amounts.
    Why was the Clerk of Court dismissed instead of receiving a lesser penalty? The Clerk of Court was dismissed due to the gravity of her offenses, which included dishonesty and gross neglect of duty, both considered grave offenses under the Uniform Rules on Administrative Cases in the Civil Service. Her prior administrative record also contributed to the decision.
    What is the significance of SC Administrative Circular No. 3-2000 and SC Circular No. 50-95? These circulars mandate the immediate deposit of fiduciary collections and other court funds with authorized government depositories. They aim to ensure the safety and proper management of public funds within the judiciary.
    What was the role of the Cashier I in this case? The Cashier I, Veiner P. Villafuerte, acted as Officer-in-Charge during the Clerk of Court’s absences. He was initially found to have contributed to the delayed deposits, but the Court issued him a stern warning due to his compliance with the audit team’s directives and his additional responsibilities.
    What was the Executive Judge’s responsibility in this case? The Executive Judge, Cecilia Santoyo-Talapian, was directed to strictly monitor the financial transactions of the court. The Court emphasized that she could be held equally liable for infractions committed by employees under her supervision, underscoring the importance of oversight.
    What does it mean to be an accountable officer in the context of court administration? An accountable officer, like a Clerk of Court, is entrusted with the management and safekeeping of public funds. They are responsible for ensuring that all financial transactions are conducted in accordance with regulations and that all funds are properly accounted for.
    How does this case impact other court employees? This case serves as a stern warning to all court employees regarding their financial responsibilities. It reinforces the importance of strict compliance with regulations, proper record-keeping, and the need to maintain the highest ethical standards in handling public funds.

    This case reinforces the judiciary’s commitment to upholding public trust and ensuring accountability in the management of court finances. The dismissal of the Clerk of Court sends a clear message that dishonesty and neglect of duty will not be tolerated. The decision underscores the importance of proper oversight and adherence to regulations in maintaining the integrity of the judicial system.

    For inquiries regarding the application of this ruling to specific circumstances, please contact ASG Law through contact or via email at frontdesk@asglawpartners.com.

    Disclaimer: This analysis is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For specific legal guidance tailored to your situation, please consult with a qualified attorney.
    Source: OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR v. BACANI, A.M. No. P-12-3099, January 15, 2013

  • Court Personnel Accountability: Ensuring Integrity in Philippine Judicial Administration

    Upholding Court Integrity: The Critical Role of Accountability for Judges and Court Personnel

    TLDR: This Supreme Court case underscores the paramount importance of accountability and ethical conduct within the Philippine judiciary. It serves as a stark reminder that judges and court personnel are entrusted with public funds and the administration of justice, demanding the highest standards of integrity, financial responsibility, and diligent performance of duties. Failure to meet these standards can result in severe administrative sanctions, including dismissal and fines, to maintain public trust in the judicial system.

    A.M. No. 95-4-143-RTC, March 13, 1998

    Introduction

    Imagine a courthouse where case records are in disarray, financial accounts are muddled, and justice is delayed. This was the reality uncovered in the Regional Trial Court, Branch 4, Panabo, Davao del Norte, prompting a judicial and financial audit that led to this landmark Supreme Court decision. This case is not just about misplaced files or accounting errors; it’s a crucial examination of the administrative responsibilities within the Philippine judicial system and the severe consequences for those who fail to uphold their duties. The spotlight falls on Judge Mariano C. Tupas and Clerk of Court Victor R. Ginete, whose actions – or inactions – brought the court into disrepute. At the heart of the matter is a fundamental question: How can the integrity and efficiency of the courts be ensured, and what measures are in place to hold court officials accountable?

    Legal Framework: Mandates for Judicial and Financial Integrity

    Philippine law is unequivocal in its demand for integrity and proper conduct from all public servants, especially those within the judiciary. Several key legal provisions and administrative circulars reinforce this principle. The Constitution itself mandates that public office is a public trust. This trust extends to every aspect of court operations, from handling case records to managing public funds.

    Crucially, the Supreme Court’s Administrative Circular No. 31-90 outlines the procedures for handling Judiciary Development Funds (JDF), emphasizing daily deposits with authorized banks. This circular, along with Circular No. 13-92 regarding fiduciary funds and Circular No. 5-93 designating the Land Bank of the Philippines (LBP) as the depositary bank, establishes a clear financial accountability framework for court personnel. These circulars are not mere suggestions; they are directives designed to prevent mismanagement and ensure transparency in the handling of court funds.

    The Code of Conduct for Court Personnel further details the expected behavior, emphasizing competence, diligence, and honesty. Moreover, the Manual for Clerks of Court meticulously lays out the administrative and financial duties inherent in the Clerk of Court position, including record-keeping, docket management, and financial handling.

    Section 23, Rule XIV of the Omnibus Rules Implementing Book V of Executive Order 292 classifies grave offenses such as gross negligence, dishonesty, and grave misconduct, all carrying the penalty of dismissal. This legal backdrop sets the stage for understanding the gravity of the infractions committed in the Panabo RTC case and the Supreme Court’s firm response.

    Case in Focus: Audit Exposes Lapses in Panabo RTC

    The administrative saga began with a routine judicial and financial audit triggered by concerns raised about the state of RTC-Br. 4, Panabo. The audit team’s findings painted a disturbing picture of administrative disarray and financial mismanagement during Judge Tupas’s and Clerk of Court Ginete’s tenures.

    Judicial Audit Findings:

    1. Case Delays: Numerous civil and criminal cases remained undecided beyond the mandatory 90-day period, undermining the right to speedy justice.
    2. Record Disorganization: Minutes of proceedings were missing for unappealed cases, pleadings were haphazardly filed, and decided cases were not properly logged.

    Financial Audit Findings:

    1. Fiduciary Fund Shortages: Clerk of Court Ginete was found to have a significant shortage in the Fiduciary Fund, with delayed reports and no proper cash book.
    2. JDF Shortages and Mismanagement: Substantial shortages in the Judiciary Development Fund were discovered, along with violations of circulars regarding deposit procedures.
    3. General Fund Irregularities: Shortages were also found in the Clerk of Court General Fund and Ex-Officio Sheriff General Fund.
    4. Improper Fund Handling: Collections were deposited in a rural bank instead of the designated Land Bank, and funds were used for unauthorized purposes, including encashing personal checks and loans to court personnel, including Judge Tupas himself.

    The Supreme Court, upon reviewing the audit report, issued resolutions requiring Judge Tupas, Clerk of Court Ginete, and Interpreter Flores to explain the deficiencies. Their explanations were deemed unsatisfactory and often contradictory to the audit findings. For instance, Judge Tupas denied borrowing court funds, but evidence showed otherwise. Clerk of Court Ginete cited heavy caseload and subordinate staff errors, but these were not accepted as valid excuses for serious financial and administrative lapses.

    The Court emphasized the gravity of the situation, quoting its earlier ruling in *Lirios v. Oliveros*, stating that “a Clerk of Court’s undue delay in his JDF remittances amounts no less to grave misfeasance, if not malversation of funds.” Furthermore, the Court highlighted the essential role of Clerks of Court, stating, “Clerks of Court play a key role in the complement of the court and cannot be permitted to slacken on their jobs under one pretext or another.”

    Ultimately, the Supreme Court held both Judge Tupas and Clerk of Court Ginete accountable. Regarding Clerk of Court Ginete’s actions, the Court stated:

    “With respect to Aty. Ginete, the evidence inevitably leaves no doubt that he had been remiss in the performance of his duties as Clerk of Court, both in the financial and administrative concerns.”

    And concerning Judge Tupas’s supervisory role, the Court asserted:

    “A Judge presiding over a branch of a court is, in legal contemplation, the head thereof. To say that he is not would make him a mere figurehead, without effective control over the employees working under him and without authority to discipline them. This, of course, would be an intolerable situation.”

    Practical Takeaways: Ensuring Accountability and Preventing Mismanagement

    This case serves as a potent reminder of the stringent standards expected of those working in the Philippine judicial system. The Supreme Court’s firm stance underscores the non-negotiable nature of accountability and ethical conduct. For judges, it reinforces the duty to actively supervise court administration and personnel, ensuring adherence to rules and regulations. For Clerks of Court, it clarifies the full extent of their financial and administrative responsibilities, emphasizing the need for meticulous record-keeping, proper fund management, and timely remittances.

    Key Lessons:

    • Strict Adherence to Financial Rules: Court personnel must strictly comply with all Supreme Court circulars and COA regulations regarding the handling of court funds. Deviations, even if seemingly minor, can lead to serious administrative and even criminal repercussions.
    • Importance of Diligent Record-Keeping: Maintaining organized and up-to-date case records, minutes, and docket books is not merely clerical work; it is fundamental to the efficient administration of justice.
    • Supervisory Responsibility of Judges: Judges are not passive observers but active administrators of their courts. They must exercise effective supervision over all court personnel and processes to prevent mismanagement and ensure accountability.
    • Personal Liability for Shortages: Clerks of Court are personally accountable for any fund shortages, even if they delegate tasks to subordinates. Excuses like staff absences or heavy workloads are unlikely to be accepted as justifications for financial lapses.
    • Consequences of Misconduct: Dishonesty, gross negligence, and grave misconduct within the judiciary will be met with severe sanctions, including dismissal, fines, and forfeiture of benefits, to safeguard public trust and maintain the integrity of the justice system.

    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    Q: What is a judicial and financial audit, and why is it conducted?

    A: A judicial and financial audit is a systematic review of a court’s case records, administrative processes, and financial accounts. It’s conducted by the Office of the Court Administrator (OCA) to ensure efficiency, transparency, and accountability within the judiciary. Audits can be routine or triggered by specific concerns.

    Q: What are the responsibilities of a Clerk of Court in handling court funds?

    A: Clerks of Court are essentially the financial officers of their courts. They are responsible for collecting legal fees, receiving deposits, managing fiduciary funds, Judiciary Development Funds, and other court collections. They must deposit these funds according to Supreme Court circulars and maintain accurate financial records.

    Q: What is the Judiciary Development Fund (JDF), and how should it be managed?

    A: The JDF is a fund created to support the judiciary. Clerks of Court collect JDF fees and must remit them regularly to the Supreme Court through designated banks like the Land Bank of the Philippines (LBP). Strict procedures govern its collection, deposit, and remittance.

    Q: What are the administrative penalties for financial mismanagement in the judiciary?

    A: Penalties can range from reprimand and suspension to dismissal from service, depending on the severity of the offense. Grave offenses like dishonesty, gross negligence in handling funds, and grave misconduct can lead to dismissal, forfeiture of benefits, and even criminal charges.

    Q: Can a judge be held liable for the administrative lapses of their court personnel?

    A: Yes, judges have a supervisory responsibility over their courts and personnel. If they fail to exercise due diligence in supervision, leading to administrative or financial irregularities, they can be held administratively liable, as demonstrated in the case of Judge Tupas.

    Q: What should court personnel do if they encounter difficulties in complying with financial regulations?

    A: Court personnel should immediately seek clarification and guidance from the Office of the Court Administrator (OCA) or their Executive Judge. Proactive communication and seeking guidance are always better than neglecting duties or making unauthorized decisions.

    Q: How does this case impact the public’s trust in the Philippine judiciary?

    A: Cases like this, while revealing lapses, ultimately strengthen public trust by demonstrating that the Supreme Court is serious about accountability and will take firm action against erring court officials. It reinforces the message that no one is above the law, especially within the justice system itself.

    ASG Law specializes in administrative law and litigation, including cases involving government accountability and public service ethics. Contact us or email hello@asglawpartners.com to schedule a consultation.